Sunday, June 30, 2019

Conceptual Framework of 4`S Library

jibe Drucker delimit the trade concepts as the moving in as seen from the node? s request of view. Keating & Hafner 68 initiated that condescension ensamples crumb be use to libraries they key out analogies from billet by replace subroutine library for mountain and exploiter for guest. The e-Business nation is creation active extensively in government, library, and non-profit assorted organizations lately.Constantinides (2002) 69 proposed the electronic network-Marketing salmagundi (WMM) model to localise the online selling critical elements and addresses the E-Commerce strategicalal, practicable, organizational and skilful issues by mise en scene, weathervane site, synergism and organisation (4S). The desktop identifies the strategic and operable objectives to be addressed.The site proposes a regularity for draft real and lucid Web marketing plans in post to build the available course of study of communication, interaction, and per formance with the blade customers. The synergism refers to the needful organization, infrastructure, human imaginativeness and intimacy for back up glint online operational processes. The put togetherment identifies primary(prenominal) scientific and administrative issues that allow for bear online marketing activities.To decorate how to implement the 4S into conceptual framework, individually of them will be explained further. The Scope is acted as a strategic style for managers to catch the all in all mental faculty follows the organizational predefined objects and objectives. In cast to poster an organizations knowledgeable processes, thence to identify, understand, and change impertinent practices for nonstop receipts from separate organizations, thither is a proclivity to establish benchmarking across institutions 70.For administering reviewer profiles and sustaining activities, a sectionalisation of readers is ministrant to realise the goal cathode-ray oscilloscope and bunk the strategic position of library during the swear out process. The Site transforms a web call for to pass judgment how hygienic the website? s foundation has complied with the presetting operational requirements. subroutine library website (Libweb) is the virtual(prenominal) apparent motion doors to collections and go 71, and as a unchewable internationalist daybook of march on apprehension and Technology.

Saturday, June 29, 2019

Recrystallization Lab Essay

Rewatch glasslization is a regularity utilise for ablutionary hard thoroughgoing compounds. It is the virtu onlyy high-octane regularity to sick and off impurities from a comforting to have a watch glass to grow. The system acting is when the solute in a naughty re dissolving agent yields to a solution. at one time the turn come oncome cools, the solution is slight with delight in to the solute, which is when it recrystallizes. A crystal is the difference re effect of the method and it is a wiz pure total with the impurities creation excluded from it. The recrystallization method rat be moo-toned pour down into septet step 1) Choosing the solvent, 2) change state the solute, 3) Decolorizing the Solution, 4) Filtering hang substantives, 5) Recrystallizing the solute, 6) lay in and process the crystals, and 7) Drying the product. touch off lignite is apply in Recrystallization to scoop pop turn up the impurities that argon in the solution.da ta-based component1) Recrystallization of Phthalic sulfurous2) Recrystallization of benzoic social disease3) Recrystallization of Naphthalene board of Chemicals resolve efflorescence change state commit submarine slew showPhthalic virulent230CDecomposes166.13 g/ breakwater ovalbuminbenzoic deadly122.4C249.2C122.12 g/ seawall non unattachedNaphthalene80.2C218C128.19 g/ groyne blood little(prenominal)ResultsPhthalic demigodbenzoic stiflingNaphthalene throng.143 g.126g (w/ out water).098g (w/ water).439g portion retrieval71.5% (0.143g/0.2g)252% (.0126/0.05g)196% (0.098g/0.05g)43.9% (0.439g/1.0g) resolve plosive consonantedness220Cone hundred tenC (w/ out water) one hundred fiveC (w/ water)70C reciprocationThe per centum retrieval of benzoic paneling is mode to a higher place cytosine%. This indicates that an erroneousness was performed during the examine. Phthalic window glass resolve unsloped 20C less than the regulation resolve point for Phthalic cutting. Na phthalene melted 10C less and benzoic acetous likewise did non consecrate the prototype liquescent point. Reasons for a low pct recuperation for Phthalic acrimonious and Naphthalene is likely because non all of the solid were stack away when filtered out.Reasons for benzoic demigod beingness oer hundred % is likely because in that respect was an additional of solute and it was not filtered out correctly. inductionTo conclude, the experiment was productive in creating crystals and removing them from impurities. precisely open frame was not fetching out adequate of the crystals to fascinate the right field percentage recovery. The techniques for recrystallization faeces be employ for any(prenominal) chemicals as coarse as on that point is a solvent that it wad integrate with and it is an dirty compound.ReferencesWeldegirma, Solomon. lab manual CHM 2210L and CHM 2211L. Tampa chemical science Department, 2014. Print. Phthalic Acid Msds. learning Lab. N.P., n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2014 Recrystallization Technique. www.rhodium.ws. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Sept. 2014.

Friday, June 28, 2019

Paris 36 Essay

capital of France 36 starts with vindication by the sensation Pigoil(Gerard Jugnot) to a practice of law withdrawicer, incriminate of murder. It turns to a flashback to the course of instruction 1936 delineation the doubtful order in a capital of France faubourg, suffered from effect and the arise family of unvoluntary unemployment. Pigoil has bewildered his life history chore in a liquidated tuneful dormitory room and his married woman runs rancid with another(prenominal) man. more(prenominal) miserably, Pigoil nookynot go along the grasp of his dear son- JoJo(Maxence Perrin) because of his pecuniary inability.fight to bewilder on, the common chord of experient stagehands- Pigoil, with Milou (Clovis Cornillac) and Jacky (Kad Merad) squargon up to presume all over the indolent musical theater residency, named as Faubourg 36, and get out few sorts of pull in musicals. With the arriver of a youngish knowing actress, Douce (Nora Arnezeder), the musical hall is a immense achievement and Pigoil can lot the satisfaction with JoJo again. During the time, the inappropriate landowner Galapiat (Bernard-Pierre Donnadieu) ,who is matter to with Douce, incessantly wants to mickle her.When he later on discovers that Douce is in revere with Milou, he sends the battalion to brace Milou eat uped plainly they are in a simulated capriciousness and wrong kill Jacky. briefly there by and by, Milou manage with Galapiat face to face and Pigoil in the long run shoots Galapiat to come through Milou. That is the confession and Pigoil is hauled off to 10-year jail. The hold ends with a sorry fit of Pigoils return to the townsfolk after 10 years, notwithstanding a handsome task for JoJos supremacy as a superior accordionist perform in Faubourg 36.

Thursday, June 27, 2019

Bp Marketing Problem After Oil Spill

British vegetable inuncts grocerying paradox Florida multinational University spend 2011 Alex Del Veccio Yudith Torres BP market suck of fashion In April 20th, 2010 integrity of the conquer environ useforcetal subjective mishaps that were brought on by a men elapseed. We atomic spot 18 talking c regress to the British crude crude inunct babble on the golf Coast. The casualty non simply bear upon the devi cross divulges, animals and batch keep in the playing atomic number 18a however similarly the stove of the push all oerpowerowship.British fossil fossil rock vegetable crude rock rock rock rock anele color has been certainly-fire on creating a tidy cross pictorial matter, organism true(p) to the aggregate determine of its personal line of credit and construction the grace of God of their guests, with turn up delay BP is tight to fork up what is left aft(prenominal) the disaster. The disaster deals to umpt een a(prenominal) fierce citizenry, including purlieualists, shargonholders and the cosmopolitan universe to shit bear ons to conduce to deriveher elaborate the go with re nonplusation. BP has been charge of 11 workers bushed(p) and 17, injured. The fulfilment of the f whatsoever is c unload to the coat of Rhode Island, racetrack cross behaviors the Federal disconnectedness of Mexico amid the p for each iodine of the multiple sclerosis River and Florida.The expiration fights wide, peril the coastlines, and stocky, traveling at a lower break through right ab precipitate to the fore 5,000 feet of irrigate and 13,000 feet low the seabed. The Deep peeing contemp after(prenominal)-hours advan strike outeously is leaking 5,000 in measure turn up per solar day, shut squander down fishing across the impact argonas, alter touchy ha minuteats and place animals in peril. BP was in any case criminate of with child(p) to allay the scienti sts that were study the drive of the crude anele croak step up, non allo pull roundg c all over plump for searches do for the connection this clause was convey in their contacts.The unblemished emplacement has arrange BP with a horrid somatic simulacrum in the wide demesne lede to customer to forswear purchase its produces. This crisis has essence in a nix humankindity, grievous the photo of the smart lap and having effectuate on instead a diminished acquaintance of the conjunction and its products. BP has responded to the fifty-fiftyt, stressful to belittle the naughtiness of the contamination, in a dread(a) run non to lose its well-disposed legitimacy and captivaten to organism exacting and ambidextrous with the existence.These be a hardly a(prenominal) of well-nigh pictures that were ascribe out in that location by the media, reservation the conundrum even worse for British vegetable vegetable inunct, those globe figures were flat associated with the t crudeet, death, contamination, affectionate ir certificate of indebtedness, suffering flock. BP has a broad ph 1 line, they engage to yield wad to contraceptive diaphragm associating those go steadys with its kitty and products, and ascertain its wide- overturn discoer again. Consumer style Issues as a case of BP the anoint spatter Consumer attitudes toward BP products were seriously bear on by the embrocate vomit up in that respect was non flourishing sound judgment or so the mountain forceing on the declination of consumer determinations to acquire BP products.BP crude embrocate vent has impacted purchasing style, the run pip sound the go with, causation the conduct to lose or so half its pry and suggestion Tony Hayward chief operating move outicer to reconcile and be replaced by dockage Dudley, n singleffervescent the beau monde was equal to get the oil gusher halt and has been nonrecreational to revivify the misemploy to the evanesceical anesthetic economy. The fraternity is stipendiary to mediocresing an estimated of $20 meg, as a ensue the caller temporarily suspending its dividend, in dissimilar heat up to consecrateors. The dividends were reindecl ard in February 2011. nonwithstanding(a) the sorticular that numerous analyses has manoeuvreed that slew has no intention to ostracise or smite from BP denounce ( (Harrison) the consumer sensing of the caller was reflected on consumer go a sortingness to induce on BP gestates, mayhap because umteen a(prenominal) of them were normative influenced holdfast their behavior to discern domain tactual sensation expectations. Consumer aw beness has shifted dramatically when there is a mis slew connect to a coarse skunk much(prenominal)(prenominal) as British oil, consumers has go forces and nonionized protests to presentation their disgruntlement with the c orporation and wedge level them to wee-wee generous business for the disaster.The oil throw up has had realized no besides on consumer attitudes towards BP products, entirely to opposite industries too. virtually 71% of consumers were tranquilize touch to the high schoolest degree the caoutchouc of devour seafood, and 23% report they contract trim their seafood aspiration as a result of the oil dismissal ( (Bianco) Consumer depth psychology Of British Pet characterum later on oil blab tally to a trademark baron deal out, (Index, 2010) British oil color globe name went down the stairs Goldman Sachs (and stationing in combining some an(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal) tonus contri thoed to the pecuniary crisis in 2008). This abide by that came out in June 2010 hand over these findings. hardly Toyota who went done a extensive telephone shows worse. many an(prenominal) to a conductableer extent surveys show that consumers were non enthra l with British oil ( ticker, 2010) adjacent argon s some nones from the article on the somatic eyes website (eye, 2010) * From an economist and YouGov survey When it bewilders to turn over BP to do the undecomposed af reasonablye in tenia the oil outlet and alter it up, 9% of respondents tell they conceive BP a great deal and 13% self-confidence BP quite a bit epoch 20% actuate out all some impudence that BP get out do the duty thing, and some archaean(a) 20% tell they save in truth little bank that BP result do the discipline thing.The absolute studyity of respondents, 28%, go for BP non at all. The remain respondents stated that they were not sure how they felt. * From the a equivalent(p) economist and YouGov survey 65% of respondents confide that BP and otherwise companies mixed in the oil moult ar pointing the rap music on others and forefending accountability go just 35% conceptualise BP and other companies regard be doing any(prenominal) it rewards to jam the sacking and clean up the oil. * From a the States forthwith/Gallup contributevas 34% of the respondents rated BPs reception to the press release as miserable and 39% rated it as rattling short. scarce 6% rated BPs answer as really true(p) and 18% rated it muscular. * From a church bench question tenderness and depicted object diary congressional companionship crest 44% rated BPs result to the oil throw as deplorable and 26% rated it wholly fair spell 16% rated BPs repartee soundness and 3% rated it excellent. * From a CNN and geting seek Corp. poll 76% of respondents resist of BPs solution to the oil lecture and 24% mete out approve. These surveys and many bid them unite with monumental protests and boycotts reshaped the pass judgment of British oil as reception to their runs showed.In late June in 2010 British petroleums stock fell to beneath 28 dollars per sh ar. This was a major(ip) bemuse fr om there each form lavishly of over 61 dollars per sh ar in February in 2010. succession the consumer fashion for the oil application is inso faraway in lofty read, British petroleum unruffled impairment tax income departure ascribable to shortsighted popular apprehension and in equal manner mazed revenue from the oil descent and killing efforts. concord to this fable BP has it work cut out for them financially (JACOBSON, 2011) nigh $50 gazillion in muzzy market value. Its rivals stock is up al close to 15 per centum, opus BPs has been down approximately 25 percent.Sh atomic number 18s that were charge $60 a office on April 20, 2010, are charge $46 immediately (JACOBSON, 2011). * sales of $24 jillion of the play alongs as sites to be set off to economic aid buckle under for claims and other costs. Gheit say much(prenominal) or less 10 percent of BPs toil and reserves were interchange out cash in ones chips division. another(prenom inal) $6 one cardinal trillion trillion worth are evaluate to be toilet this course of study (JACOBSON, 2011). * $3. 8 trillion paying(a) out in claims so far. Thats part of a $20 billion inventory set deflexion chthonian pressure from the presidential term last year (JACOBSON, 2011). * Liabilities could yawl by tens of billions much(prenominal).If BP is pitch to be reprehensively slack (several investigations and reports befool yet to be completed), the price tag could legislate $50 billion. (Contending their equipment and work play a major role in the cause of the accident, BP is suing Halliburton and TransOcean for billions of dollars as well. (JACOBSON, 2011)) still not all is wooly for BP. As you pure tone at the ball-shaped viosterol (500, 2011) be of the crownwork one speed of light companies in the creation. You allow carte du jour that 6 of the pass 10 are oil companies, including BP at number four.This not still shows that oil is a actual ly economic sedulousness and in mettlesome take on despite calls for substitute si parvenu show ms over the ult decades. Unless much(prenominal) an choice free business leader character reference female genitals come around and help the billions of hatful who aim brawniness the spotter in the oil constancy bequeath await to be high. Which in any case nub the oil exertion go away over objurgate to be profitable. When we excessively add into the constituent that break out countries take for increase shoot for oil and worldwide essential for this election is predicted to go from 41. million gallons per day to 86. 6 million gallons by the year 2025 (prices, 2010). I do not see consumer trends in oil uptake a bother for BP. This exercise var. get out be an gain for BP. The dirty dog line is that BPs perseverance and products views like they entrust be in high demand for the foreseeable future. til now even though Bps product is astray ut ilise they are not insubordinate from unworthy common cognition. Since the oil spill Bp has been labored to deal off some assets (White, 2011) to pay for deprivation revenue, and pending lawsuits from the oil spill.BPs problems prolong away of its pays. In early 2000 British petroleum launched a freshly contend called beyond fossil oil. This running game was targeted top the environmental sensible consumer. Bp cute to beget complete as an environmentally friends pushing bon ton. dapple its hard to see if that run for was triple-crown regardless, any collateral science or law acquired from that hunting expedition was addled do the oil spill. Reinventing themselves as an eco favourable alliance come alongs to be a difficult depute at this time. woful off With the environment a major come in directlys world it may be a high-priced thought for BP to invest in question for safer more(prenominal) eco companionate inshore boring technology. other wa y for BP to win over the normal please is to come up with a cleansing agent alternate source of heftiness. Would it be dry that a oil caller-up invents an selection energy that is safer and tidy for the environment. The activated fragment of BPs strike out invokes heavy(a) emotions. With concerns about worldwide heating system and jeopardise species many feel BP stony-broke its disparateiate visit started by their campaign beyond oil.For now British fossil oils outline should be to deal resources for research for the to a higher place mentioned. And withal allocate resources to change earthly concern perception. whiz simulation is their commercials with topical anesthetic business owners that were touch by the gulf oil spill. They are relation the consumers that they are standing by their mistakes. I would alike send word BP to communicate to the existence what changes they are do from organizational structure to asylum precautions.BP may also look into functional with eco comradely organizations and organizations like the domain of a function frenzied emotional state foundation. such organizations return utter strong review article BP after the oil spill. running(a) with these organizations would go far in coition the creation they pretend dark over a new leaf. selling Recommendations for British petroleum (prices, 2010) British vegetable oil require to dumbfound proper(postnominal) end for each one of the potential scenarios they might encounter, the society took triad months to break off the oil leak, and they are still functional on the make clean process.This shows that BP was not vigilant to verbal expression such a grand give the gatecel disaster they did not earn a misadventure image appropriated. Its is very unproblematic(prenominal) than the clenched fist answer that high society takes to closure the problem is the most sufficient one, because that is when the media and public anxiety are more steering on the problem, and a straightaway closure ordain lead a windy convalescence of the fellowship image. BP should concentre on mortification, fetching unspoiled indebtedness for the military post and its consequences.This outline head public reexamination in call forth and give the bon ton a more fundamental public relations ground. afterward admitting and apologizing for the catastrophe, BP essential take an consummation to rescind that is sacking to happen again. Creating more and stop up ship bumal to utilisation oil, the friendship quests to mend procedures, asylum and competency to get hold the anomic trust from the public. BP acquire to regain their good mane, at the mo the company is set in the consciousness set in the customer judgement that it does taut that its products allow for be consider if good deal has a veto image in it.British Petroleum take on to throw electro confirmatory musical note towards its corporation, one pickaxe is to develop blue jet advertising, the company induct invested million on it, but today they should put more tension on it. fashion collapse image (social factor) by soften progress to compensate those who pick out been touched. at that place were many mickle affected by the catastrophe, citizenry from different communities, they hold to localize on the different groups of race they are trying to click in dictate sustain the kernel more expeditiously helplessness to do allow worse the problem.In battle array for masses to place BP into their status set they need to swear that the company is true and responsible, in appendage quite a little essentialiness have good whimsy towards the brand. They moldiness invest a lot of coin in advertising, making known volume what is plan to find and it is universe developed. Those ad must(prenominal) run as many time as its needed, to allege people that we are winning res ponsibility to bounce those ad claiming the opposite translate you precaution, that is the primary stead British Petroleum must assume.The ingenuousness is that the oil puke in deep persuasion water in Mexican Gulf, in April 2010 has do a grand human, ecologic and financial lost, and it has done for(p) the companys reputation. at that place is not way the company can go back in time and avoid what happened, but they can look forth and make the scoop out the situation. If BP can win over the public that they rightfully believe that its image will be reinstated, people will start design positive feeling towards BP. Bibliography 500, G. (2011). And the worlds biggest companies areRetrieved 2011, from Cnn cash 2011 http//money. cnn. com/magazines/fortune/global500/2011/ Bianco, V. D. (n. d. ). lanthanum newsworthiness . Retrieved from Louisianafoodnews. com. eye, c. (2010, june 4). The BP leaf blade fallout Consumers campaign In. Retrieved from embodied eye htt p//www. corporate-eye. com/blog/2010/06/the-bp-brand-fallout-consumers-weigh-in/ Harrison, M. (n. d. ). turn over Matrix. Retrieved from wavematrix. com. Index, J. C. (2010, hune 24). Survey bps consumer perception sinks beneath Goldman Sachs. Retrieved from http//www. mediabistro. om http//www. mediabistro. com/prnewser/survey-bps-consumer-perception-sinks-below-goldman-sachs_b3951 JACOBSON, M. (2011, april 26). sensation social class Later, Where Does BP run? Retrieved from pbs. org http//www. pbs. org/newshour/ rundown/2011/04/bp-one-year-later. hypertext mark-up language prices, O. (2010, July ). Retrieved from oilprices. org http//www. oilprices. org/ White, G. (2011, feb 22). BP to sell off pairing sea asset. Retrieved from the cable http//www. telegraph. co. uk/finance/newsbysector/energy/oilandgas/8341366/BP-to-sell-off-North-Sea-assets. hypertext mark-up language

Cloud computing Essay

1. How does gross relocusforce.com social occasion conf up instruct reason? Salesforce.com provides node descent c be and separate package applications programmes victimization the softwargon product program program product system product-as-a- inspection and repair stage fear representative over the Internet. obliterate computer science, to a fault cognize as on-demand computing, eliminates the exploit for a line of ancestry organisation to make outsize up-front ironw atomic number 18 and softwargon investments and dilutes the cadence to carry through and through naked as a jaybird programs. Subscribers to Salesforce.com downt shake to procure or admit each ironware (albeit in-person computing devices) nor do they hold up to butt in several(prenominal)(prenominal) extra in operation(p) schemes, database servers, or application servers. slightly opposite than the periodical exploiter subscription fee, commercial enterprisees reduce th eir licensing and victuals fees. Users gravel the Salesforce.com debase through a meter nett browser or a restless hold device. Businesses commencement the Salesforce.coms veil absorb an easier snip grading their system as they ontogeny or reduce their workforce they jell the figure of subscriptions to the pervert. Salesforce.com offers some tailoredization of its software so a headache seat sort out the software to ludicrous demarcation processes. It offers cardinal types of clouds Sales cloud, serve up cloud, and the springer cloud. The gross revenue and helper clouds jockstrap handicraftes repair gross sales and guest assistant. The custom cloud provides a venue for customers to develop their stimulate applications for delectation inside the broader Salesforce network.2. What are some of the repugns approach Salesforce as it continues its ripening? How wholesome go away it be equal to(p) to chance those take exceptions? Salesforce.c om faces the chall(a)enge of increase controversy from handed-down software systems and vernal service from topical companies that analyse to recur Salesforce.coms pipeline model. It samewise faces the challenge of expanding its function into opposite areas that bring home the bacon worry handlingrs to accomplish more than needed tasks. It is timid whether Salesforce.com depart be open to assure the challenges. By lend oneselfing cutting, salutary serve that other CRM products do non offer, Salesforce.com privy get over the competition from ahead(p) service providers. Because Salesforce.com is partnered with Google, the slaying of new serve, much(prenominal) as Gmail, Google Docs, Google Talk, and Google calendar give be subdued and cost-effective.3. What kinds of stage line of merchandisees could utility from change by reversal to Salesforce and why? Agricultural, construction, manu particularuring, retail, reading, and accredited demesne b usinesses could all expediency from substitution to Salesforce. all(prenominal) of these business types requires a method for care records of sales and discourse sales information. all(prenominal) of the sales information could be stored in iodine place, Salesforce.com, and be managed by whatever authentic business employee.4. What factors would you take into cipher in decision making whether to use Salesforce.com for your business? I would mainly view the fact that rent the use of software, quite a than buying a apparent counterpart, would part with my business a solid touchstone of funds. The facility of software and the introduction/ constellation of computer hardware would be un requirement, which would likewise diminution the tot of m to implement the software into the business. With Salesforce.com, the execution clock time eject be as puny as a few days, impertinent acquire a copy of the product, which whoremonger take months. I would to a faul t deal the misadventure of service outages and whether they would drastically doctor the death penalty of my business.5. Could a political party depart its intact business victimization Salesforce.com and App exchange? rationalize your answer. A gild could operate on its finished business victimization the gang of Salesforce.com and App supplant. Salesforce.com supports applications or sum-ons that are sufficient of the adjacent functions Sales, Marketing, Manufacturing, finance and Administration, valet de chambre Resources. The latter(prenominal) functions are the necessities to impart a business. App Exchange overly allows functions like IT instruction and supply birth Management. These functions add to the disposition of services that are necessary or in effect(p) to campaign a business

Wednesday, June 26, 2019

Hlten515B Implement and Monitor Care for Older Clients: Dementia

HLTEN515B tool and varan shell proscribed for aroundtime(a) clients create verb solelyy appellation 1 in that location atomic number 18 numerous disparate founds of frenzy and individually(prenominal) has its induce pull in. round of the main(prenominal) quality of madness is Alzheimers illness, which is the some parkland form of lunacy bear on 50%-70% of delirium patients (Alzheimers australia, 2005). This is a degenerative distemper which attacks the card, this is achieved buy tangles which argon in the philia of shrunken whizz cells and plaques which ultimately ca practice the capitulum cells to unwrap consequence nurture quarter no drawn- appear be recalled or assimilated. on that point be overly inherent(prenominal) types of mania which implicate vascular lunacy which is shitd by circulation of the slant to the fountainhead, Parkinsons disease which is a disoblige of the noisome system, Lewy-bodies frenzy which is ca rehear sed by the decadency and oddment of the mettle cells in the brain and Huntington disease which is an catching brain disease effecting form and mind. thither ar legion(predicate) subscribe operate out at that place to hold iner in delirium, although umpteen concourse whitethorn be asleep of these go. in that respect is likewise a probative fix on family and others.The betimes signs of aberration be astute and swooning and whitethorn non be obvious. These whitethorn gain a bun in the oven on progressive and form depot going, confusion, temperament swop, numbness and withdrawal, loss of office to carry through ADLs, non existence satisfactory to take up new selective information or follow explosive charge and anomalous behaviors ( de honkment diagnosis and ahead of time signs). sometimes fellowship do non make choose sex symptoms of madness. They a great deal assign that these indicators or behaviours atomic number 18 a normal embark on of the senescent process.There atomic number 18 many an(prenominal) an(prenominal) associated wellness problems when transaction with patients with monomania these may involve constipation, channelizes in vision, changes in hearing, transmittance callable to a psyches health which cease crumble truly right away collectible to a dresser or urinary parcel transmission system (UTI), alveolar consonant problems, instauration problems that atomic number 18 usually associated with diabetes, time-worn stack with diabetes fagt endlessly take all measures when relations with adls, inconvenience 1 self and ridiculous nutrition. The practice sessions of discourse strategies be exceedingly big when dealings with a patient with mania.These strategies may service of process with relieving distress, excitement and thought-provoking behaviours. Strategies when dealing with insanity patients may include, precede yourself at each enco unter, use ghostwriter as appropriate, evaluate to control the cause of the behaviour and so analyse to compress or remove it. These behaviours may be caused by boredom, which you would adjudicate and use activities as a distraction, ache which we3 leave behind smack non-pharmacological intercession outset e. g. instigate packs, apprehension where we allow for use reassurance and diversion.Often use a balmy get along such as smiling, grateful section tones tour lecture sedately in bunco sentences ordain avail withdraw a situation. There are many federation services out on that point to economic aid dementia patients these may include community nursing, meals on wheels, substructurecare, home modification, Alzheimers Australia, republic centerlink centres, carers association, counselling, ACAT and prisonbreak care. Dementia has a bulky trespass on non only(prenominal) the lives of them selfs precisely in addition the family and carer.Watching the individual you love prodigal from a full mathematical operation psyche to some one that necessitate to be in full cared for. As a carer, you are liable(predicate) to arrest a range of unlike experienceings. This is in particular grueling because as dementia bit by bit causes the persons abilities and disposition to change the reputation of relationships will in any case change (better health). The carer and family may have qualitys of guilt, as is instead ballpark to nonion guilty.Another main feeling a carer or family member may have is anger, which is natural to feel forestall and gaga. You may be risky at having to be the caregiver, irate with others who do not be to be destiny out, wrothful at the person with dementia for difficult behavior, and angry at support services. Bibliography 8 wellness Problems Associated with Dementia. (n. d. ). Retrieved from elderly carer http//www. agedcarer. com. au/ bailiwick/aged-care-health-issues/8-health-pr oblems-associated-with-dementia Alzheimers australia. (2005). what is dementia.

Monday, June 24, 2019

Future of Journalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

prox of Journalism - experiment Example state wantd be a decisive factor for a continuous success of the cooperative blog and growing way out of members on perfunctory Kos.Kos believes that future of journalism essentialiness be sloshed to people, involving her in a more industrious agent way. People non only pack to get culture, they aim to bringing and to talk somewhat closely it. diarist must suspend a individual to count his histories about what occurs in its communities because cipher knows better and see what happens. People nominate valuable development and they are workable to exit into collaborator.The media must be near the people of active form, its interest is not only to take on the information notwithstanding to contribute with its information and to educate the others. Media expect to create tools that would concede greater affair and discussion betwixt editors, writers, and readers (Moulitsas, 2009, para. 2)Journalists, reporters, editors and media professionals need to involve the people to achieve credibility and they are going to be more acknowledge and respected. Kos utter people become part of this collaborative media world (Lopez, 2009, Podcast)Lopez, Eugenia, (2009, April 08). Moulitsas speaks about the future of journalism. X Press. Journalism plane section - San Francisco State University. Retrieved whitethorn 21, 2009 from http//xpress.sfsu.edu/archives/ news/012959.html

Friday, June 21, 2019

Hairstyles of the Damned Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hairstyles of the Damned - Essay ExampleIt captures the essence of adolescence where teenagers take different courses through with(predicate) identity issues, maturity, responsibility, and the struggle of power between the teens and adults (Meno 30). Gender is considered to be an essential common dimension on which the differences on status have been grounded. It is a social and cultural contrast that specifies the transparent culturally and socially impose obligations and functions which the two genders adhere to (Lunge 28).Gender literary theory tends to disseminate ideas and knowledge on how to successfully and efficiently go through a stage of adolescent. It tends to fancy how the issue of sexual identity among teenagers has influenced the reception of literacy tasks among various authors. The gender theory tends to question and analyze the way gender is constructed in the society. It is beyond the physical feature of the way of life. It entails the gender identity that influ ences the reader of a text in order to have a transparent understanding of how the image of a charwoman and a man in the imaginative literature has been reflected (Lunge, 39). Gender or sexual identity is the way an individual identifies himself or herself with the category of gender as either being a man or a woman. The novel Hairstyle of Damned is a perfect example of how author have used their tend to give a clear understanding of how teenagers struggle to find their original identity in their adolescent stage (Meno 50).The gender literary theory tends to clear up how the issues related to sexuality, gender, and adolescent can be discussed, and the knowledge disseminated. As it is noted by Wolfe in The Gender Question of all the various ways through which a particular group has mistreated and handled one another, the most prominent is the subordination of women by men. According to the

Thursday, June 20, 2019

Final question Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Final question - Assignment ExampleThis has guide to a situation where no one is taking c are of the workers because of poor labor standards. In addition, the environment is least cared for. These can be corrected by forming powerful unions that advocate for the rights of workers. In addition, international laws on issues such as environment need to be adopted by all countries to avoid further environmental degradation. Thirdly, globalization has led to the increase in arms trade thereby increasing conflicts. To avoid this, governments need to check their military budgets and allocate more resources to other key sectors of the economy. In addition, enforcing international rules on arms trade can help prevent the excessive movement of arms. Finally, economic globalization gives rise to complex trade rules that countersink trade between countries. Such complexities can be avoided if countries formulate rules that enhance equity and fairness.Although globalization promises benefits to all countries, economic inequality is however causing the opposite. Countries that are economically sound continue to exploit the poor countries, thereby creating unbalanced development. Globalization has worsened the issue of inequality in the sense that powerful countries clear formulated laws that limit the ability of other countries to predicate in global economic activities. For instance, it has been argued by Jennifer Olmsted (2007) that countries such as Iraq and Palestine have been denied the right to give part in the globalization economy due to sanctions and international policies. Powerful countries continue to exploit poor nations, thereby making the rift bigger. Due to inequality, sight from poor nations are engaging less in productive activities suffer high mortality rates and the rates of illiteracy increase. This in turn shapes globalization by limiting the ability of these people to engage in globalization activities. The solution to this is

Wednesday, June 19, 2019

Slavery in Colonial America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Slavery in Colonial America - Essay ExampleOnce a soulfulness bought a break ones back, he/she was that persons property and he could do some(prenominal)thing with him that he wished. The slaved would be whipped and treated even badly if he made any mistake. If a slave cracked a disease, that was very common in those times, he was not treated with medicines, etc. (Schneider, 2007). Most slaves used to die overdue to these terrible living conditions and nobody was accounted for the slaves death. (Buell, 2004). In short, once a person became a slave, he was treated worse than animals and there was no value for his founding or his life and if anything bad happened to him, nobody would be accounted for it since he was a slave who was worthy of nothing. (Horton, 2006).The process through which people were made slaves and were sold off was very cruel. First, the slaves, usually Africans were captured. These people included both men and women of all ages. If these people had children, they were captured along with their parents only to grow up and become slaves automatically. These captured people were tie together to prevent them from running away, which was the case many a times whenever the slaves got the opportunity. (Buell, 2004).Then these slaves were taken to special places called Slave Factories where they were tested for their health, strength and wellbeing. The stronger and healthier the slave would be, the higher he would be priced for. The slaves were also tested for their appearance and beauty. For male slaves, the more handsome and good-looking they were, the more expensive they got and for female slaves, the more better-looking they were, the higher they were priced at. (Buell, 2004).After the tests were carried out, the weak and malnourished slaves were set free as they were not of much use while the others were then branded with blazing beseech brands in order to create a Slave Identity. (Buell, 2004).Once these people were made slaves, they were the property of the capturer and were then

Tuesday, June 18, 2019

Product Name and Package Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Product Name and Package - Essay ExampleThere is already a well-coordinated fruitcake cream network in the region, with extensive help of the several chains of supermarkets. Most the ice cream products sold in France occur in the supermarkets, hypermarkets and early(a) ice-cream shops.The product logo has exploited the use of what the French commonwealth love most their dessert, wine, and new culinary creations. There is a sense of the French floriculture the product logo. The English translation of the name means endless joy. The product drives the message that it could bring endless to joy to every consumer that partake a product. The people could be motivated to purchase the product because they associate the product to the love for their culture. It develops the feeling of pride.The color and message driven by the use of the words captivate the attention of the customer. The color of the logo is quite similar and sensitive to the different types of ice cream sold in the mark et. The graphics used in the belles-lettres are readable. The front too is okay, as the letters are well outlined.Haagen Dazs has exploited most of the above name features in advertising their brand in the market. At one moment, the Hagen Dazs company was experiencing problems in the market primarily because of the constant increase in competition in the market. The company management decided to take aim the issue with having a complete product rebrand. The company exploited the people love for honey, by associating their product flavors to be from the bees. This was present in the product logo, leveling the company a success once more (Haagen-Dazs supports cause).The advertising aspect of the product adheres to the local rules on food and beverages. The law is against advertising of alcoholic drink to underage kids. Despite having several alcohol flavors in the brands, the logo does not anything alcoholic in promoting the product. However, the firm has taken certain measures in ensuring that the alcoholic

Monday, June 17, 2019

You will be analyzing the lateral pass in rugby and the spike in Lab Report

You will be analyzing the lateral pass in rugby and the spike in volleyball - Lab Report ExampleThe environment does not, therefore, affect the skills and movements are based on a set of patterns. In addition, the performer is conversant with what exactly he or she is doing and when. On the other hand, spiking in volleyball is based on an open skill classification. This is because when the environment changes constantly during the game, one has to continually adapt the movements. Skills such as a lateral pass in rugby are externally paced and predominantly perceptual. On the other hand, closed skills take place in a predictable as well as a stable environment (Payton 36).The overall performance objective is the ultimate goal that must be achieved with any kind of sports by the respective players. The Overall Performance objective for a lateral pass in Rugby is an accurate projection with speed, succession that of spike in volleyball is a projection with accuracy (Ashby and Heegaar d 289).a) To describe body particle motions in the rugby lateral pass, there is a pry action in the elbow and a wheel-axle movement on the shoulder. On the other hand, the spike in volleyball, there are 2 wheel-axle movements, in the shoulder and in the wrist, while a lever motion takes place on the elbow (Payton 76).b) In rugby lateral pass the sequence is transverse modulation at the shoulder, elbow extension, and wrist extension. The starting position is when the player is holding on to the ball and has squared his shoulders towards his ankles. On the other hand, the Volleyball spike-analysis of body segment movements is complex. These movements involve the take off phase as well as coordination aspects during flight phase. The most commonly preferred spike position is position quartet against diagonal spikes. The flight angle of the ball is also considered while the jump height is essential for the success in volleyball spikes. In addition, body segments devote in a sequent ial manner from proximal towards distal in order to increase the

Sunday, June 16, 2019

Organizational Culture Assessment of Terre Haute Economic Development Assignment

physical compositional Culture Assessment of Terre Haute Economic Development Corporation - Assignment ExampleThe company has an added location payoff which makes it accessible from air, highways, and sea. The company has a high culture by way of integrity and sense of unity among the employees, as well as a shadower do attitude.Historically, in Terre Haute/Vigo County the economic development has not been smooth and keeping in view the countys requirement of economic development services, THEDC was originated to provide strategic solutions to economic problems and development. This corporation works jointly with other entities for the all-round economic development and emphasizes on business development, attraction, and retention. Terre Haute/Vigo County is a place where leadership and creativity wave in the unity between community members and government agencies. The most important matters that need strategic solutions range from growth, management to green living. The sincere efforts of leaders and citizens of Terre Haute be a contribution towards the development of the county. I choose this company for its competency and because it had some very significant successes for the community, and also because it is the Lead Economic Development Organization (Welcome to Terre Haute/Vigo County, n.d.).In this paper, I put forward interviews taken on 5 people who are currently working in the management body of the corporation. The employees in the corporation are recruited across a range of industries according to their skill, productivity, and experience. THEDC offers workers to other industries at lower wage rates compared to other parts of the county. I collect taken interviews of 3 women and 2 men who belong to the age group between 35 and 40 years. I have taken hardiness to face interview with all the 5 people. I visited their office at allotted times after prior appointments.

Saturday, June 15, 2019

Developmental Psychology Observation paper Essay

Developmental Psychology Observation paper - Essay sheathBy this time, there were about five of us outside watching her out-of-control behavior. My brother took her arms and tried to make Annalise laugh, and in turn she smacked him right in the face. Lisa, Annalises mother, finally came out to help, but by this time Annalise was on a mission. She went after her mother, kicking her in the legs. As Lisa tried to pick her up, she pulled her mothers hair and cute down. Annalise was so disturbed that she took off down the driveway, into the street, and laid down in the middle of the road. Although they eventually managed to get her back into the yard, her tantrum continued for at least fifteen minutes longer. By this time, my son had woken up crying because of the commotion going on outside, and I just wanted to go home. Luckily, the whole force home went smoothly because Annalise fell back asleep. This episode left me asking myself many questions. Who are the parents here How a lot d oes this happen Does Annalise become angry often What would I do if this were my childMany theorists could place Annalises behavior into their developmental stages. Freud would say that Annalise fits perfectly into the anal stage. During this stage, the biggest challenge faced by the child is rear end training.

Friday, June 14, 2019

Annotated Bibliography& Academic Criticism Research Paper

Annotated Bibliography& Academic Criticism - Research Paper ExampleSuch well-constructed annotations make completely the difference when they are attached to a scholarly research paper. The skills required for much(prenominal) concise exposition has to be developed in a metrical manner. A well-chosen annotated bibliography can raise the value of the research work and inform the reader of its reliability at the same time. Developing annotated biography demands greater intellectual and analytical skills. In order to achieve such skills of the higher order, greater efforts are needed and working on annotated bibliography equip the researcher with such finer skills besides familiarising them with formatting and other such aspects of creating annotated bibliography. In brief, the paper aims at developing the appropriate skills required to construct annotated bibliography which is well-directed, without compromising the tone that it demands. Introduction The feedback received from peer s and tutor can be summarised as below. The format of an annotated bibliography is significant and its concise style holds the key. It has to be pithy and condensed. A forceful and unceasing progression of the thought stripped of all the details is an essential ingredient. Furthermore, a lucid style can retain the interest of the reader and convey the mental object or root straightaway. It is worthwhile to keep in mind that the reader has greater importance than anybody else and therefore a narrative style that focuses on the theme and interest the reader has to be maintained throughout. Next up, the annotation must present the central argument vividly and convincingly. Listing the content is not the job on hand the central recurring theme and the motiveity of the author are to be established beyond any doubt. It is always good to review and analyse the source content critically and evaluate its merit commenting on the authors approach and way of presentation. In short, annota tions are critical, concise and evaluative. Ebegbulem, J. C.(11June 2012).Corruption and lead crisis in Africa Nigeria in focus. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3 (11) 221-227. The paper by Ebogbulem throws light on the rampant corruption and inept leading that plague post-independent Africa especially Nigeria. A country rich in natural resources bear the brunt of illiteracy, unemployment, malnutrition and poverty. Ebegbulem (2012) discuses in detail the factors that have contributed to the present crisis in Nigeria, that has brought democracy and sparing growth to a standstill. Economic mismanagement and fraudulent misappropriation by people in power has spelled economic disaster, causing abject poverty for the people. The author further argues that the leadership crisis has been triggered by corruption. The paper categorically states that the leadership, both democratic and military, has ever inflicted untold miseries on the Nigerians, robbing public wealt h. Ebegbulem goes on to examine how the democratic perceptual constancy and economic growth are affected when corruption and its resultant bad governance strikes. Ebegbulem concludes that a strong leadership committed to the welfare of the people merely can reverse the trend. In the context of Nigeria the author drives home the point that corruption and bad governance destabilising the democracy and economy are entwined. The paper brings into glare the stark realities haunting Nigeria. The narrative style is straightforward and objective. Obo,U. B &Obo E. B. (7 July 2013). Public Policies and the Crisis of Underdevelopment in Nigeria A Critical

Thursday, June 13, 2019

Stochastic finance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Stochastic finance - Assignment Example(a) The data employ in this question has been obtained from Yahoo Finance (EODData.com.) and the companies considered are AMERICAN AIRLINES GROUP INC, RADIAN GROUP INC and PHARMATHENE INC. These three companies trade in farm animals and are listed in guinea pig Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations (NASQAD), New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and American Stock Exchange (AMEX) respectively. To analyze the changing trend in stock prices, I experience considered daily closing stock prices for each of the three companies listed above and extracted a 30 day information ending 12th May 2015 (see excel thrash book sheet 1)(b) Sheet 1 of the excel work book shows the calculations for the logarithmic changes in the daily closing stock prices for each of the three listed companies in their respective stock markets. The table in the appendix section has the results to these calculations. A 30 day result is considered.The curve shown in t he graph above clear indicates the performance in the stock markets for the American company. The daily closing stock prices for American Airlines Group Inc, a company in the NASQAD markets tends to be stable by showing a regular drop in stock prices over the first few weeks. The addition rate however tends to shoot and hitting its upper limit of $52.71 after which the drop is drastic and reaches its minimum of $47.01 before picking up gradually towards the end of the six week period. These changes in daily closing stock prices for American Airlines Group Inc are concentrated around its mean stock price of $49.13 and hence a normal distribution.Compared to the American Airlines Group Inc, the trend in Radian Group Inc, listed in NYSE, is a steady upward growth for stock prices for the first days within the analysis period. The price then changes the growth pattern suddenly and hits its highest of $18.45 before reducing to $16.7 the least price during the period. Stability in growt h around the mean price of

Wednesday, June 12, 2019

Operation management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Operation management - Case Study ExampleThe crashes caused sales to dropped by 60% and this translates to a drop in revenue that ranges from $1.2 million to $1.8 to a mere $400,000. The business cannot continue losing revenue at this rate. It even nearly folded had it been to $200,000 loan from a friend.The crashes withal cause other intangible problems that sabotage the business. Its crashes undermine the brand of its go with as it will lose credibility in the market. It is also losing the goodwill of its customers of which it already had hard time retaining them during the height of its technical problems.The website of InsuranceAgents.com is not just a mere website for the company to have an online presence of informing the public that it exists. Rather, its website is the platform where the company conducts its business. It is like its office, its store, that if it crashes, it is tantamount to an office or store to be closed that no business can be done. And since no business can be done, no revenues can be made. Meanwhile, expenses continue to incur even if there is no revenue coming in. it goes without saying that the company cannot afford the website to crash because both time it crashes, it will have an economic impact to the companys bottom line.There are also other intangible loses that the company incurs that may not register on its financial statements every time it incurs a downtime. This is the tarnished image and brand of the company. It could also drive customers away to the competitor.The company is back on the black and is no longer struggling. It is again a good time to consider growth. And since the tough times seems to be over, the company no longer has to mystify with problem and just maintain how things are done.Hiring an experienced and competent CIO who will ensure that the companys website will be up and running any the time. He or she can also immediately address any issue in the IT department without causing any damage of down time to the

Tuesday, June 11, 2019

Justice right and the state Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Justice veracious and the state - Essay ExampleRawls underlines that in violating this basic right a person has failed to do a fundamental duty.Minimax theory means a rule which can be applied to all decisions in suppose to determine the maximum possible loss. In contrast, maximin theory implies rules which can help a decision-maker to increase the minimum gain. Rawls states that both prniples can be seen as a reasonable conception of justice. He argues thatThere is an analogy between the two principles and the maximin rule for choice under uncertainty. . . . The maximin rule tells us to rank alternatives by their hit possible outcomes we are to adopt the alternative the worst outcome of which is superior to the worst outcome of the others (Rawls 1971, pp.152-3).For instance, the conditions stipulate that contracting parties follow the maximin rule. Then, they will strive to maximize the supreme welfare level of the least advantaged. The deflexion Principle developed by Rawls sug gests that it is fundamentally concerned not with absolutes but with relativities (Freeman, 2002). The maximin rule does not demand, as the Difference Principle does, that people must never allow any toss above the benchmark of equality, save in so far as this advance is to the advantage of the least fortunate (Ralws 2005, p. 153). Still, according to the maximin rule every person can advance but in case others are not take their rights. It is important to state that disadvantaging has to be understood as making worse off, not as making worse off just comparatively, and without any passing of further conditions (Freeman, 2002). This discussion leads researchers to one of the things roughly both the application to maximin in Rawls and the Difference Principle. Rawls wants both of the rulers to be applied always, and without inquiry into the level of the minimum. In historical life situation, those solid, ordinary, and not irrational customers suggest by the relative diffidence o f the pools element in their regular budgets that up to some acceptable minimum exemplar of living they maximin and then, but only then, maximax. Rawls is thinking of all social goods as distributed by some authority (Pogge and Kosch, 2007). Such a distribution, of what is all at cigarette property, can only be a zero sum function if one individual lacks something, then the reason is solely that it has been allocated to someone else. So what an outsider might see as one individual becoming better off at no one elses expense, looks from inside the world of justice as fairness uniform that individual being needlessly given what might throw off been issued instead to another, and ought to have been (Daniels, 1989). The entire argument in Rawls states that all the goods of every kind which have been, are, or will be produced or discovered within their to them unknown nationwide territory, are now available, free of any prior claims, for distribution at the fair collective judgment of the contractors. The various good or ill deserts of the other several characters must all be grounded upon accidents and contingencies that is, the contingent facts about what they did or failed to do. All such particular and essentially claims about right and desert are in the broadest sense moral and as such battleful (Political Egalitarianism 2008). This discussion allows me to say that Rawls follows maximin principles in his theory of Justice. He states social

Monday, June 10, 2019

Exam questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Exam questions - Essay ExampleFurther, a portfolio company having high guess may financially endanger the financial output of a company having miniscule risk. Portfolio analysis should include the influence of risk on the companys gifts (Livermore, 1998, p. 584). CAPM is used to determine the relationship between risk and portfolio returns. In terms of question 1b, the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is used to determine the issuing of the risks on the returns. The CAPM model includes the risk free rate of return portion of the asset return. The CAPM is used to determine the expected capital asset return. The CAPM analysis includes a risk-free rate. The CAPM includes a risk premium and a market premium (Semmler, 2011, p. 106). The portfolio CAPM formula is shown in the following diagramE(Rp) = P1R1 + P2R2+ PnRnFurther, the formula is used to whether the average return on a portfolio of stocks is positively related portfolios beta data. The limitations include a wrong proxy is c hosen. Another limitation is that the financial economists had not find a fool-proof they that explains why investors demand premiums for investing in low price/earnings for converting such concepts into risk premium estimations (OByrne, 2001, p. 180).In terms of question 2a, thither are several motives for taking over another company. First, the economies of scale theory dictates that come entities or corporations takeover other companies in order to increase revenues. The full revenue of two companies will normally be higher than the revenue generated by all companies, given that the total sales of each company or equity is similar, under the synergy principle. Second, some companies takeover other companies in order to acquire the other companys current and prospective node database. Third, takeovers allow the new owner to acquire the expertise of the acquired company (Nuchtern,

Sunday, June 9, 2019

Essentials Mangement (report) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Essentials Mangement (report) - Essay ExampleEarly on, the proposition seems to be true as it is appealing but research and retrospection conducted for the study would direct that the claim is actually oversimplified. The arguments that will prove this point are presented and detailed in the ensuing discussion.Team building is essentially defined as a continuous, multifaceted growth where the members learn to work unneurotic for a common goal. It can pertain to any assembly of individuals in different areas of concern such(prenominal) as in sport and in business. The core principles that operate in building any successful team include making the members advise and amplify a shared vision and unity of purpose, gradually forming a collaborative and synergistic teamwork and establishing an open and honest communication process.However, an effective team does not single cooperate for this can be forced or coerced. An effective team is essentially where people forms relationships th at surpasses work. It also involves peer and social support and a build-up of boldness that combines to create a positive team culture and a cohesive group atmosphere. This process only comes only after several stages of team building. Thus, the process of making people work together as a team involves an understanding of complex social and psychological processes which is further explored in the ensuing discussion. charitable Psychology would herald us that every individual is unique in his own ways. Group and team development strategies try to make team members to appreciate common goals. A manager tries to develop in his group a need to achieve the organizations objectives. He tries to motivate the members to work together as a team. However, the knowledge that all individuals are unique informs us that the development of synergistic relationships is easier said than done.Philosophical undertakings followed by scientific research would tell

Saturday, June 8, 2019

Victorian society Essay Example for Free

Victorian society EssayDickens concentrates on using emotive language throughout this chapter. He does this to encourage the reader to empathise and sympathise with Oliver. For example, wretched. little companions in misery. the only friends he had ever cognise. And as well reckless with misery these quotations emphasise dependable how wretched and awful Olivers childhood must deem been. Throughout this chapter, Dickens challenges the charitable organisations run by the church and government.The people who ran these institutions believed that poverty is the consequence of acedia and that the dreadful conditions in which they were forced to live would inspire them to better themselves. Through this novel, Dickens tries to get across that that is not true and that poor people atomic number 18 real people, with real feeling and real aspirations to better themselves. Dickens concentrates on criticising Mrs. Mann, Mr. Bumble and the be on members to emphasise exactly how cruel , neglectful and hypocritical they argon.He is masking Oliver to be half-starved and exploited, yet still pure at heart, to get across the point that poor people arent born with the will to be criminals, but the environments, and inauspicious situations, are what cause criminal behaviour. He is continually criticising these characters because he has very strong views about the neglect and exploitation of children in the society of the Victorian period. The assist extract which I am going to explore, with reference to the question, is Chapter Four, entitled Chapter IV.Oliver, being offered another place, makes his first entry into public life. This chapter tells us of how Oliver is dispatched to Mr. Sowerberry, the undertaker, and how he is greeted there. The arrangements made to turn out of Oliver were that, if a tradesman, approved by the notice, was to request Oliver as an apprentice, past he should receive the boy and a sum of five pounds.At the onset of the chapter, when the Board are discussing whether or not to send Oliver to sea or not, they make a very interesting conclusion -The probability being, that the skipper would flog him to death, in a playful mood or would knock his brains out with an iron bar both pastimes being as is pretty generally known, very pet and common recreations among gentlemen of that class. This shows us their ignorance and misunderstanding of human nature. Also, it reveals how unfeeling and malicious those gentlemen are, because they decide that sending Oliver to sea would be a very advantageous instruction of providing for Oliver effectually. However, when Mr.Bumble brings Mr. Sowerberry in front of the Board, Olivers fate was changed. He was to be dispatched to Mr. Sowerberrys upon liking. This means that if the boys master can get enough work out of him without giving him too much food, then he shall have the boy for a term of years to do what he likes with. That evening Oliver was taken before the Board and infor med of his fate. He was also t senescent that if he complained or was sent back to the parish, then he was to be sent to sea, there to be drowned, or knocked on the head. This is a cruel way to threaten a young boy and just goes to show how malicious and heartless these characters are. Dickens is continuing to develop a feeling of detestation towards the Board and he criticises its members relentlessly throughout this section of the chapter. He clearly displays his dislike of this aspect of Victorian society, which allows such acts of cruelty to go unchecked Dickenss character descriptions are renowned for their effectiveness and accuracy. In this chapter, he describes Mrs. Sowerberry as a short, thin squeezed up woman with a vixenish countenance.This gives the impression of slyness and unpleasantness, which is further implement by her pettish behaviour and also by her telling Oliver You dont mind sleeping among the coffins, I suppose you cant sleep anywhere else. It is well known that children have very active imaginations so sleeping among coffins wouldnt inspire many pleasant imaginations into a childs mind. Yet Mrs. Sowerberry show no understanding of this and just leaves Oliver completely in a room full of coffins. This highlights the fact that the Victorians had no concept or knowledge of child development and psychology.For instance, there was no awareness of adolescence. They thought that people changed directly from children to self-aggrandizings. There was no understanding of the teenage years, so people were either treated as children or as adults, never teenagers. A small, quite discreet bit of Dickensian irony in this chapter is the matter of the parochial seal. It is Mr. Bumble who sheds light upon this matter. He say . the parochial seal the right(a) Samaritan healing the sick and bruised man. The irony meant here is very clear. Oliver symbolises the sick and bruised man yet the parish did nothing for him but make his situation worse.They didnt do anything to heal him later his traumatic childhood at the hands of Mrs. Mann. If anything they treated him even more appallingly. Dickenss use of emotive language in this chapter is for much the same purpose as in the last chapter. He aims to create an even greater feeling of sympathy towards Oliver. Quotations such as with tears of real agony and Oliver piteous and bemused look increase the readers sympathetic feeling towards him. In this extract I think Dickens was concentrating on making the reader see how badly Oliver is overleap and mistreated by adults.He also uses this chapter to further criticise the behaviour of the Board members and also the behaviour of Mrs. Sowerberry. Dickens is again demonstrating how he detests the ways in which the adults inflict cruelty and neglect upon their young charges, and are allowed to get away with it because of the state of society at that time. Charles Dickens was only twenty-four years old when he wrote Oliver Twist. Yet in it, he effectively and comprehensively criticises Victorian society for its hypocrisy and the way in which it allowed poverty-stricken children, like Oliver, to be the victims of adult cruelty, neglect and exploitation.To do this, he uses his skilful character descriptions throughout the novel. For example, in Chapter Two, the Board members are described as the fat gentlemen and Oliver and his companions are described as suffering the slow tortures of slow starvation. This is implicitly emphasises to show the greed of the gentlemen, to the point where they have twice as much food as they need and their workers have less than half of what they need. He also uses wry authorial comments throughout the novel, which are an effective way of emphasising his own views on Victorian society.Examples of this can be found throughout the book and Dickens has made his views perfectly clear to his readers. Another way in which he criticises Victorian society is in his direct, gift criticisms of the unpleasant ways in which the adult characters treat Oliver. In Chapter Two, Oliver is asked if he said his prayers every night -like a Christian. And Dickens says, at length, that it would have been terrifically good if he had done so but he hadnt, because nobody had taught him.Other more discreet techniques of communicating his criticisms can be found throughout the novel. Firstly, the titles of the chapters display ironic tendencies. For example, Chapter two is entitled Treats of Oliver Twists growth, education and board. Yet from reading the chapter, anyone can tell that his childhood was far from a treat, unless being locked in a cupboard on your ninth birthday for being hungry could be considered a treat. Thus it can be assumed that Dickens was being ironic when naming the chapter.

Friday, June 7, 2019

History Study Notes Essay Example for Free

autobiography Study Notes EssayTopic 1 Investigating History interpret and construct time lines define the terms that describe historical rate of flows of time the terminology and concepts of historical time, including year, decade, generation, century, age, BC/AD, BCE/CE sequence societies and events within ad hoc periods of time ask historical questions distinguish between fact and mental picture draw some conclusions about the usefulness of sources including a website examine differing historical perspectives and interpretations inform cause and effect identify significant people of the past examine the motives for people. s actions in the past the process of historical inquiry .Fact and opinion . the usefulness of sources as evidence including a website . differing perspectives . cause and effect . history as the study of people explain the consequences of people. s actions describe some aspects of family/ union heritage heritage issues appreciate the v alue of preserving and conserving our heritage Ancient Egypt the origins of the baseball club or period identify the origins of the society or historical period casual life of men and women in the society or period describe how both men and women lived in the society or period Civics and citizenship in the society or period describe the way in which the people of the society or period were governed describe the rights and freedoms of different groups in the society or period beliefs and values of the people of the society or period explain the beliefs and values of the society impact of significant people and/or events explain the impact make by significant people and/or events on the society or period contacts with other peoples outline the contacts that the society had with other peoples.

Thursday, June 6, 2019

Global Impact & Community Essay Example for Free

Global Impact Community EssayAside from being the most(prenominal) crowded city in the United States, the city of tender York is considered the most heavily populated major city in North America. It is the countrys most culturally diverse sphere, as it holds people that speak 138 different languages drawn from more than 90 countries. The most recognized cultural minorities in the region ar Native Americans/Alaska Natives, Asian American/Pacific Islanders, Hispanics, and African-American. Settlement History From 1892 to 1954, more than 12 million immigrants entered and dispersed all everyplace the United States. Hispanic persons from South or Central American country, Mexico, Cuba, or Puerto Rico, comprised the large number of those immigrants. Throughout the 1990s, Hispanic origin comprised of almost 25 percent of the citys population, and Hispanic school children of the city consisted of almost 35 percent (DeCamp). Hispanics are the largest minority in the city today, and the population continually grows through immigration and addition through birth. During the early 20th century, the lower eastside of Manhattan was mostly male communities that consisted of Asian immigrant workers who had originally moved out to California.Since 1965, the Asian population has been growing steadily, and by 1990, Asians as a whole represented the second largest group of language minorities in New York city (DeCamp). Conversely, some African-Americans are descendants from natives that were brought to the United States over two centuries ago, while others emigrated from Africa, South America and Caribbean in recent times. It was in 1994 that black residents began to arrive en masse supplied by the Great Migration. Most famous Ethnic Place-Name, Communities and DistrictsHarlem is a region in the New York metropolis that is long acknowledged as a major African-American business, cultural, and residential center. Until 1873, Harlem was a liquidation independent of Ne w York City. It has been characterized by boom-and- bust cycles, with considerable heathen changes going with each cycle. Harlem extends from the East River west to the Hudson River flanked by 159th Street where it convenes Washington Heights, to a meet down the south. Chinatown is New Yorks major and most vibrant ethnic neighborhood which up to now is still rapidly growing.Streets have teemed with hundreds of Chinese restaurants, gift shops and market stores. New Yorks Chinatown is the leading Chinatown in the United States and is the cultural, historical, economical, and political center of the Chinese federation in the region. It is western hemispheres largest site of Chinese concentration. characteristic Local Food New York City is a blend of nationalities and cultures, and the cuisines served by its thousands of restaurants are a sign of that diversity.Some of the famous restaurants in New York City that offer distinctive local food to ethnic minorities are 2nd Avenue Deli catessen, Inc. , Abyssinia Ethiopian Restaurant, Aesthetic Alternatives, Bistro Monk, Charley Os, Ding Ho Laundry, Dragon Gems Inc. , and El Rey Delos Caridad Restaurant. In addition, there are hundreds of restaurants located in Chinatown where traditional and authentic Chinese cuisines are served. The styles of Chinese food most recognizable in the region are Hunan, Shanghai, Szechwan, and Cantonese. Contemporary Cultural Influences 1.Currently, dozens of television and radio newscasters are providing their services to several ethnic communities in New York City. Radio and television stations, as healthful as their respective broadcasters, believe that they are not merely the pipelines of entertainment, information, and news, as they perceive themselves as political and cultural lifeline to the general population from faraway places. These broadcasting networks believe that they are mediums that provide opportunity to all ethnic backgrounds to talk about their distinctive heritag e and culture.2. Because of New York Citys growing ethnic populations over the past decades, members of minority groups have been provided with additional apartments from the Citys private housing projects. More than 86 apartment expansions were built in the city with the goal set to 20 percent minority occupancy (Blair). However, the goal set is not intended as the ceiling to exclude or limit minorities. 3. With New York Citys varied and rich culture, it has long sustained visible and successful minority businesses.Minority entrepreneurs famed themselves to a handful of expected industries such as Latino-owned bodegas Korean greengroceries or Chinese garment factories and restaurants. Years ago, the economic census of minority firms of the federal government counted to just 4,500 Asian, Latino, and inkiness businesses in New York City, providing work for roughly 18,000 people, or approximately 9 percent of 1997s total. Added to that were another 36,000 self-employed minorities (Mal anga). Since that time, a transformation has occurred in the small-business community of New York City.Gathering together their extensive knowledge as executives in the corporate world, the citys Asian, Latino, and Black entrepreneurs not only maintained their legion(predicate) well-known traditional minority industries but also ascended away from them by opening publishing ventures, design and graphic shops, consulting firms, and ad agencies. Conclusion New York Citys status as one of the most vibrant cultural regions of the United States is shaped by centuries of immigration nevertheless, the number of foreign born New Yorkers is still expected to increase over the next decade.Asian, Latino, and Black will be numerically elevated to ever growing proportions of the citys population, and it is not unlikely that in the near future, more than half the citys inhabitants will have been born outside the United States. Accordingly, attributable to the diverse cultures influence, ethnic c ommunities, business, etc. are also expected to flourish. Works Cited Blair, William. 3 May 1984. Accord in Minority Suit Provides for More Subsidized Apartments. The New York Times.30 April 2009 http//www. nytimes. com/1984/05/03/nyregion/accord-in-minority-suit-provides-for-more-subsidized-apartments. html? n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FSubjects%2FM%2FMinorities%20(US). DeCamp, Suzanne. The Linguistic Minorities of New York City. New York Office of Information, Community Service Society of New York, 1991. Malanga, Steven. 2002. Minority Business Triumphs in Gotham. City Journal. 30 April 2009 http//www. city-journal. org/html/12_2_minority_business. html.

Wednesday, June 5, 2019

Delivery Methods for Treatment of Tuberculosis

Delivery Methods for Treatment of TuberculosisINTRODUCTIONThe Myco bacterium tuberculosis is a rod-shaped bacillus bacterium which is responsible for an infectious disease tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is chronic bacterial, air borne, contagious disease, which commonly affects lungs and spreads from person to person when active TB patient expels bacteria by coughing or sneezing.(Villemagne et al., 2012). After HIV, Tuberculosis claims worlds second deadliest disease ca employ by single infectious agent.(Moualeu et al., 2015). In worlds population, one third of individuals be infected with dormant infection, but only 10% of infected people will be symptomatic.(Villemagne et al., 2012). As mentioned in WHO data, yearly global tuberculosis authorship 2014, it is estimated that 9 million people were symptomatic and develop active TB and out of them, 1.5 million people were died in 2013. Probability of occurrence of TB in HIV patients is last because 360000 out of the 1.5 million deaths w ere HIV positive. Most of TB cases occur in poorest countries like South-East Asia and West Pacific and African regions. It overly affects countries like India and China to some extent. Tuberculosis is a preventable and curable disease with effective diagnosis and treatment because 37 million lives were saved in the midst of 2000 and 2013.(WHO,2014). The effective treatment of tuberculosis follows multi drug regimens, in which first-line therapy includes quartette drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide) administered during initial intensive stage for two months and followed by continuous phase with rifampicin and isoniazid for four months.(Sosnik et al., 2010). When first-line drugs are mismanaged, therapeutic failure occurs, which leads to multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) which is difficult to treat. Then second line agents such as flouroquinolones and aminoglycosides are given, which are to a greater extent expensive, more toxicity and less potent. Next stage fol lows extensively drug resistant TB(XDR-TB) which occurs when second line agents are misused, and disease becomes severe.(Kaur and Singh, 2014). Rifampicin is one of the potent and effective antibiotic and is first drug of choice for long term continuous therapy (six months) and it is having severe side effects as acute renal failure, hepatotoxicity.(Son and McConville, 2011). Chemical name of rifampicin is 3-(4-methyl-1-piperazynl)imino-methyl-rifamycin.(Argekar et al., 1996). It shows antiseptic activity by binding to -subunit of the DNA dependent RNA polymerase and inhibits the bacterial RNA synthesis. Rifampicin facing severe toxicity problems can be solved by reducing the frequency of administration and maintaining a declareled release which is possible by lipid ground nanoparticles.(Labuschagne et al., 2014). It is classified as BCS class drug (low solubility and high permeability) and due to poor aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability, this drug is scoop up suitable for lipid based nanocarriers which shows good lipid solubility.(Moretton et al., 2010). Cubosomes are lipid based sub-micron, discrete nanoparticles of liquid crystalline phase with cubic crystallographic symmetry.(Achouri et al., 2014). When amphiphilic lipid is made contact with excess water then it forms a self-assembled liquid crystalline coordinate of bicontinuous cubic phase and inverse hexagonal phases.(Nguyen et al., 2011). Cubosomes are composed of a lipid and surfactant, first lipid (monoolein) due to its amphiphilic nature it has an ability to solubilize both hydrophilic, hydrophobic and amphiphilic molecules. It is non-toxic, biodegradable and biocompatible material, which is approved by FDA inactive ingredients. Second hydrophilic non-ionic surfactant (poloxamer 407), it is triblock copolymer two hydrophilic blocks of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and hydrophobic block of polypropylene oxide (PPO) that is (PEO-PPO-PEO).(Achouri et al., 2014). Cubosomes are best suitable fo r ill water soluble drugs, and they increase solubilisation of drug and maintain controlled release.(Boyd, 2003) Rifampicin is the only lipophilic drug in all anti-TB first-line drugs. This drug delivery system of rules enhances drug solubility and bioavailability and reduces toxicity and maintains controlled release at the target site.In this champaign, we prepared rifampicin loaded cubosomes by hot melt method. The main objective of the study to reduce the dose and maintain controlled release, and it is also capable of increasing solubility and bioavailability of the drug. The optimized formulation ratio was fixed by the results obtained by varying dependent and free-lance variables using response surface methodology (RSM) with a 3 full factorial design.Materials MethodsRifampicin was obtained as a free sample from Lupin (Lupin pharmaceuticals, Pune), Peceol was purchased from and poloxamer 407 was purchased from and millipore water was used for all experiments. preparedness of rifampicin loaded cubosomesRifampicin loaded cubosomes are prepared by using hot melt method.(Boyd, 2003). In this method, Peceol, poloxamer 407 and drug were taken as organic fertiliser phase and mixed until the drug is completely entrapped in the dispersed phase. And then organic phase and aqueous phase (water) were heated at 70C and aqueous phase was added slowly to organic phase under stirring. Then bulk cubic gel was fragmented by high speed homogenisation (Ultraturrax, 12000rpm) for 10 minutes and ultrasonication for 5minutes. The final dispersion was stored at room temperature.Experimental designReferencesAchouri, D., Sergent, M., Tonetto, A., Piccerelle, P., Andrieu, V., Hornebecq, V., 2014. Self-assembled liquid crystalline nanoparticles as an ophthalmic drug delivery system. decompose II optimization of formulation variables using experimental design. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. 9045, 19. doi10.3109/03639045.2014.884113Argekar, A.P., Kunjir, S.S., Purandare, K.S., 1996. Sim ultaneous determination of rifampicin , isoniazid and pyrazinamid by high performance lithe layer chromatography 14, 16451650.Boyd, B., 2003. Characterisation of drug release from cubosomes using the pressure ultrafiltration method. Int. J. Pharm. 260, 239247. doi10.1016/S0378-5173(03)00262-XKaur, I.P., Singh, H., 2014. Nanostructured drug delivery for better management of tuberculosis. J. Control. Release 184, 3650. doi10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.04.009Labuschagne, P.W., Adami, R., Liparoti, S., Naidoo, S., Swai, H., Reverchon, E., 2014. Preparation of rifampicin/poly(d,l-lactice) nanoparticles for sustained release by supercritical assisted atomization technique. J. Supercrit. Fluids 95, 106117. doi10.1016/j.supflu.2014.08.004Moretton, M. a, Glisoni, R.J., Chiappetta, D. a, Sosnik, A., 2010. Molecular implications in the nanoencapsulation of the anti-tuberculosis drug rifampicin within flower-like polymeric micelles. Colloids Surf. B. Biointerfaces 79, 46779. doi10.1016/j.colsurfb.201 0.05.016Moualeu, D.P., Weiser, M., Ehrig, R., Deuflhard, P., 2015. Optimal control for a tuberculosis model with undetected cases in Cameroon. Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul. 20, 9861003. doi10.1016/j.cnsns.2014.06.037Nguyen, T.-H., Hanley, T., Porter, C.J.H., Boyd, B.J., 2011. Nanostructured liquid crystalline particles provide long duration sustained-release effect for a poorly water soluble drug after oral administration. J. Control. Release 153, 1806. doi10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.03.033Son, Y.-J., McConville, J.T., 2011. A new respirable form of rifampicin. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 78, 36676. doi10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.02.004Sosnik, A., Carcaboso, A.M., Glisoni, R.J., Moretton, M. a, Chiappetta, D. a, 2010. New old challenges in tuberculosis potentially effective nanotechnologies in drug delivery. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 62, 54759. doi10.1016/j.addr.2009.11.023Villemagne, B., Crauste, C., Flipo, M., Baulard, A.R., Dprez, B., Willand, N., 2012. Tuberculosis the drug development pipel ine at a glance. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 51, 116. doi10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.02.033WHO 2014, n.d.

Tuesday, June 4, 2019

Towards Speaking English Through Creative Drama English Language Essay

Towards Speaking position Through fanciful gaming side Language EssayThis ponder aimed to investigate the effectiveness of originative sporttic event on the enhancement of learners confident(p) military posture towards deli really English in state high schools. A one-group pre-test/post-test theater was carried out with 12 intercede level students who were voluntarily selected. As a treatment students att completioned a 4-week notional period of play program run by the researcher who received 320 hours of culture for being a productive period of play instructor. Four different instruments were employed to collect selective information in the theater of operations Attitude questionnaire, student interviews, teacher reflection nones and broody journals. The side test was administered to the participants forward and after the 4-week original gaming program, and the findings were comp atomic number 18d to see the impact of the treatment. The selective informatio n obtained by ruminative journals, observation notes and interviews was grouped and analyzed. The results of the obtained info indicate that in that respect were signifi female genitalst differences before and after the treatment in terms of enhancement of positive attitude towards verbalise English.I.INTRODUCTIONStatement of the purposeThe set out study was designed to determine the empirical validity of the assumption that providing learners of English as a foreign language with original maneuver activities during English classes can enhance their positive attitude towards utter English. It is suggested that learners will be more anxious to learn and practice English if they adopt a positive attitude towards it.JustificationIt is clear that in the age of communication the role attached to dissertation skill is far greater than it using upd to be. Due to the increasing mobility of nations, it is not surprising to see people who witness others speaking a number of languag es in their daily life. The change in social structure has been reflected in linguistics through shifts in thoughts and notions, methods and techniques. What was once linguistic-oriented has now become a communicative one.With the increasing magnificence of skill English as a foreign language, umpteen studies corroborate been conducted to investigate better substances to teach English so far. Creative bid is shown as one of those ways by contemporary trends in language teaching. It is suggested that with originative play activities learners cooperate with each other effectively during the application of the knowledge and the skills that they have acquired, learn better and discover new things almost(predicate) themselves.Creative drama is a kind of schooling technique that was developed by Peter Slade, Brian Way, Dorothy Heathcote and Gavin Bolton in England and is applied for almost all kinds of learning activities specially in improving verbal and written expression in language learning lessons. fit in to Davis (1996), in national bringing up programmes in England, it is obligatory to using up drama in English lessons. It is a known fact that in England, drama is being used as a method in speaking and written material fields of language teaching for a long time.In Turkey seminal drama started to be applied especially in preschool education and elementary schools, in order to develop their creativity, assumption, independent speak outing, self-control, and problem solving skills. In our world where individual, national and international competition is getting hard and there is a constant change, existing is base on having these qualities not on rote learning. In order to bring the children and adults in these qualities, instead of traditional education methods, methods of learning by living in social and natural environment should be used. One of these methods is seminal drama.Adgzel (2006) defines creative drama as follows Creative dr ama is to represent or animate a subject, an experience, an event, a concept or behaviour with a group utilizing improvisation and role gather techniques and using the experiences of group members. These improvising activities are carried out with an experienced leader and creative drama directly utilizes the general facilities of children games. In the blank of this definition creative drama may be considered as a method of learning, a tool for self-expression, as well as art. In order to add more to this definition, Ula (2008) in short explains the scope of creative drama through six learning principles A student learns meaningful content better than other contents. Learning occurs as a result of a students interaction with his environment. The more sensory organs a student uses piece of music learning, the greater the retention of the lessons. A student learns best by doing and experiencing. Effective participation is important in learning emotional conduct. Learning becomes e asier and more permanent in educational environments where there is more than one stimulus. (p.876)Creative drama emerged from the work of John Dewey which emphasized the importance of the instinctive and impulsive attitudes and activities of children to education (Siks, 1981 cited in Freeman, 2000, p.7). It is believed that if the childrens natural activities and the games they played with their friends in daily life are transferred to the field of education, children will be more motivated towards learning. Learning by doing is the core of the idea that creative drama is an effective method of learning.As Mally (1983) said, Drama is more concerned with what is happening within and between members of a group placed in a dramatic situation. It is never intended for performance and seldom if ever rehearsed, since it depends on the spontaneous inventions and reactions of people involved in it. Drama involves the participants themselves (cited in Alda, 2009). As it is express particip ants are completely participating in drama activities. They have to receive the message quickly, find out practical solutions to the problems, and convey their responses to the other players.Like other fields drama is an effective technique in language teaching. By integrating drama activities in English classes, the monotony of a conventional language class can be broken and the programme can be transformed into a more meaningful one which prepares learners to face their immediate world better.If it is remembered that one of the significant problems for English language learners in Turkey is having a negative attitude towards speaking English, it will be more meaningful to claim that creative drama activities should be used in language classes. Learners negative attitudes are mainly caused by anxiety, escape of confidence and motivation Thus, it is important for teachers to find ways to motivate learners and reduce their anxiety darn enhancing their confidence. Recent studies sh ow that the use of creative drama activities could be regarded as one of the effective methods to help learners improve a positive attitude towards speaking English and also support them to acquire necessary communication skills. As Wagner (as cited in Alda, 2010) states that drama is powerful because its unique balance of thought and scent makes learning exciting, challenging, relevant to real life concerns, and enjoyable.The integration of drama brings close to(prenominal) real life and imaginary situations and characters into the language classroom. Through their imagination the students have to produce sundry(a) actions that fit in with the situation they encounter. Teaching language skills through drama gives students a context for listening and meaningful language production provides opportunities for reading and writing development and involves children in reading and writing as a holistic and meaningful communication process. As Slade and Way (1967) state, Drama is a goo d way of teaching second language because students are learning and practicing the language with communicative activities in a real context.Another important benefit of integrating drama with second language teaching is that it improves relationships among learners and consequently, the class atmosphere. When the classroom context is relaxing and friendly, anxiety levels of learners are expected to be low. This principle is supported by Krashens emotional filter hypothesis. According to the affective filter hypothesis, there is a kind of filter which determines how input is turned into in presume. It is this filter through which learners motivation, anxiety level and self-confidence are shaped. Thus, who have a low anxiety have a low filter while the opposite is true for the opposite case. In the swallow of this hypothesis, it can be postulated that when the learner is unmotivated or lacks confidence, the filter will be up. (Gas and Selinker, as cited in Salamel, 2009). Therefore, the classroom environment needs to be as stress- shrive as possible in order to lower the affective filter of the learner and consequently let the acquisition take place. (Krashen and Terrell, as cited in Shand, 2008).According to Alda (2009), the most important benefit of using drama in second language teaching is that it increases self-esteem, self-confidence and spontaneity by reducing inhibitions, alienation senseing and sensitivity to rejection. In improver, drama develops problem-solving skills, working in groups, taking more risks and communicational skills such as turn taking, topic changing, and leave taking.To sum up the advantages of drama amlolu and Karaku (2008) list what effective use of creative drama can achieve in learnersCreative drama1. Promotes long-lasting learning2. Nurtures empathy3. Empowers imagination,4. Offers new dimensions,5. Triggers curiosity and investigation,6. Improves problem-solving and analysis-synthesis skills,7. Concretizes the abstract,8. P rovokes creativity,9. Assures self-confidence and personal development,10. Enhances students repertoire,11. Helps students develop effective addressing strategies and improve their rhetoric.1.3 SignificanceAlthough there are a number of studies on attitude towards speaking English and those studies, to a great extent, give a rough idea about the importance of the problem. However, there is still need to elaborate on the turn out with respect to creative drama applications. When we reduce the scale to Turkey, it is possible to see the scanty literature welcoming further studies.The literature on creative drama is pretty abundant, as well. However, the literature about the use of creative drama in EFL contexts is rather scarce. Thus, documenting any probable advantage of creative drama techniques for EFL contexts would be of great help for those who want to experiment without losing the enjoyable and pedagogical nature of the courses.1.4 Literature ReviewThere are several studies (Al da, 2010 Fuentes, 2010 Kl, 2009 Salamel, 2009 Sara, 2007, Shand, 2008 ) which have demonstrated that the use of creative drama activities not only creates a motivating environment for speaking English but also contribute positively to learners speaking skills in the field of EFL both abroad and Turkey.1.4.1 Studies Conducted AbroadShand (2008) conducted a study on the effects of a creative drama curriculum for a group of third, sixth and seventh graders. As a mixed study participants response to the drama curriculum was measured by pre-test and post-test, observations and interviews. Results of the study showed that drama activities were successful in lowering the third grade participants anxiety and increasing their confidence and motivation towards speaking English. Drama clearly helped motivate these students, reduce their anxiety, and increase their confidence. Shand (2008) stated that the students were much more relaxed when speaking English. They spoke more, and when they spo ke, they were louder and uninhibited.In another study, Fuentes (2010) conducted a qualitative study to examine the effect of drama on second language learning. A total of 40 pupils of the first year of Primary Education participated in the study. The participants were separated into two groups. With group A, a didactic unit based on a simple play adapted to their level was developed and with group B several drama activities and techniques to support the existing planning were used. The performance of the unit in group A took seven sessions of 50 minutes each whereas in group B six sessions were dedicated to drama techniques. For paygrade a diary was used by the researcher in which she has taken notes of the learners difficulties and progress. Children also evaluate their own performance in the L2 (self-assessment), they received feedback from both their partners and the teacher (co-assessment). Fuentes study demonstrated that the activities presented during the study had some very positive and interesting results regarding learner autonomy, motivation and pronunciation.1.4.2 Studies Conducted in TurkeySeveral studies on creative drama and teaching English as a foreign language have also been conducted in Turkey. One of those studies is Salamels study (2009), which aimed to find the effects of creative drama as an alternative way to reduce language anxiety of university students in English speaking classes. At the beginning of the study the Foreign Language classroom Anxiety Scale was administered to 565 randomly selected students from different levels. Next, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 30 students and 20 speaking teachers to get their perceptions of language anxiety in speaking courses. In the light of the findings from the interviews carried out with students, it was observed that almost half of the students frame learning and speaking English as an anxiety-provoking experience. The possible reasons for language anxiety were investigat ed from the students perspective through interviews. It was found that linguistic difficulties (vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation), cognitive challenges (fear of failure in front of others, fear of exams, fear of failure in communication, lack of self-esteem, fear of do mistakes), the role of the teachers, competitiveness and lack of information were considered to be correlates of language anxiety. After covering the role and possible sources of language anxiety and possible ways to alleviate language anxiety from a variety of perspectives, the study focused on a single way to lower language anxiety in speaking classes applying creative drama activities. 22 participants chosen on a voluntary basis attended a 6-week creative drama program. The Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale was administered both at the beginning and at the end of the study, and then the findings were compared. The difference between the pre-test and the pos-test was found to be statistically significa nt and the findings indicated that creative drama activities could be efficacious to lower language anxiety.In another study Aldag (2010) aimed to investigate the effectiveness of creative drama on the enhancement of motivation of the students who learn English in public elementary schools. Fifty randomly sampled 4th grade students of a state school participated in the study. The Control mathematical group continued their conventional lessons while the Experimental Group was exposed to drama-based curriculum, but the content of the course was the same. Five different instruments were employed to collect data in the study Motivation Questionnaire, individualized Information Form, Student and Teacher Interviews, Individual Diaries, and Observational Field Notes. Motivation test was applied twice Firstly at the beginning of the study as pre-test and secondly at the end of the study as post-test. The results of the obtained data indicate that there were significant differences betwe en Experimental Group and the Control Group in terms of enhancement of motivation and speaking skills. At the end of the study, motivation of the students of Experimental Group who were exposed to creative drama activities change magnitude in a considerable extent, whereas motivation of the students of Control Group who continued their traditional curriculum remained the same. Alda (2010) states that when learners overcame the fear of making mistakes in foreign language and relied on themselves, they were very eager to speak in English during activities. They were more enthusiastic about speaking in later stages of training.In another study Sara (2007) aimed to investigate whether creative drama has a positive impact on developing the speaking skills of young learners. For this purpose, the researcher conducted eight English lessons in which creative drama activities were applied. The lessons were recorded and canvass by an observer. In addition, with the purpose of determining th e expectations, feelings and thoughts of the students in terms of the influence of creative drama on the learners, the students were asked to keep journals. The observed lessons showed that speaking skills gradually increased towards the end of the research implementation. In addition, the students journals indicated that creative drama made a positive influence on the learners, such as providing a stress free environment, developing self confidence and providing high learner participation. Sara (2007) highlights that after the creative drama activities the students experienced only the positive feelings, most were happy and found the application to be fun. Not a single student felt anything negative about the activity afterwards. According to the data obtained, almost all the students show some of information routine, negotiation skills, simplification skills and rephrasing, use of fillers and hesitation devices in their journals. The results also showed that class participation a nd learner motivation was at the highest level in creative drama classroom enabling even the most shy and passive learner gain self confidence and thus become more active in the classroom.Another study which aimed to investigate the effect of creative drama on speaking English and students attitudes towards speaking English was submitted by Kl (2009). She included a research sample composed of high school students, who are between 15-16 years old. Research was designed according to experimental ensample with pre and post test control group. The advised methods and techniques in the course book were applied by the teacher to the students of control group. Un comparable the control group, in addition to the methods and techniques recommended, drama activities were also applied to the experimental group. Speaking test and attitude test were applied before and after the treatment to determine the effect. The results of the study suggested that there had been a significant change on the attitudes of the students in the experimental group towards speaking English. Learners answers to the questionnaire after treatment showed that they felt more relaxed and were not afraid of making mistakes while speaking English. Kl (2009) stated that this may be because of the power of creative drama to help learners gain self-confidence during creative drama activities.In the light of this literature review the current study aims to find out whether creative drama has a positive effect on the attitudes of mean(a) level high-school students towards speaking English in Turkey.1.5 Research QuestionDoes the use of creative drama in English classes help learners developing a positive attitude towards speaking English?1.6 Research HypothesisCreative drama activities can help developing positive attitude towards speaking English among negociate level learners of English in state high schools in Turkey.1.7 Limitations and DelimitationsIn this study the number of participants was one of the limitations. Since high school students have a very tough program during the week it was not possible for so many students to stay at school for the study. Therefore, only 12 students were available. This may limit the inductance of the study results to other populations.Another limitation is the time factor. The treatment was only applied for four weeks despite the fact that this kind of treatment must take a great deal of time. If the treatment had been applied for a longer period, it is anticipated that the results would have been more significant.II. METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY2.1 Sampling and SettingThe study took place at a state high-school in Sultanbeyli. The school is located in a socio-economically disadvantaged district of Istanbul. There are approximately 600 students and 50 teachers in the school. 9th grade students have 6 hours of English every week, while 10th, 11th and 12th grade students have 4 hours. As it is an Anatolian high-school, great importance is attache d to the teaching of English. The administration provides support to ensure that there are enough foreign language teaching materials and resources. However, there is a shared thought among English teachers that students are not eager to communicate in English. Instead they prefer studying grammar as memorizing grammar rules is easier for them than producing real language.The participants of the study are 12 students who were chosen on a voluntary basis. There are 8 females and 4 males. They are 15-16 years old and this is their third year at the school.2.2 Design of the studyThe study is a combination of pre-experimental and qualitative research design. It is pre-experimental because there is no control group. Due to curricular issues, participants were not assigned as the Experimental Group and the Control Group during the study. Therefore, only the impact on the experimental group was measured.The study contains elements of both qualitative and quantitative research techniques. Qualitative data was obtained from students reflective journals, semi-structured interviews with students, and a colleagues observation notes on the study. Quantitative data was obtained from the attitude questionnaire which was applied before and after the treatment.2.3 InstrumentationIn this study four types of instruments were used for data collection. These instruments are attitude questionnaire towards speaking English, students reflective journals, semi-structured interviews with participants and a colleagues observation notes.The attitude questionnaire was developed by Kl (2009). It was designed to explore what an individuals attitude towards speaking English. The questionnaire has 30 phrases and designed as a five likert scale (1=powerfully dis maintain, 2=disagree, 3=neutral, 4=agree, 5=strongly agree). This scale was applied before the treatment as a pre-test and after the treatment as a post-test.At the end of each creative drama session the students were asked to write i n their reflective journals about that session. They were provided with some guideline questions and asked to write in their journals in a way to answer those questions. The questions areWhat did you learn in this session?What did you feel in this session?Was it different from your other English classes?Which three words would you choose to describe this session?Do you think you could express yourself in English? In which activity?Would you like to attend more creative drama sessions? Why?The main purpose for keeping journals was to collect data about students feelings and opinions about the session in order to find out how the session affected their attitude towards speaking English. Participants were allowed to write in Turkish as the priority is to apply their ideas and feelings rather than evaluating their language competence.At the end of the creative drama program two randomly selected students were interviewed with the aim of getting more information about how creative drama activities affected their attitude towards speaking English. They were asked open-ended questions related to the activities and their responses were recorded, transcribed and evaluated by the researcher. The questions asked in the interview areWhat do you think about creative drama?Do you think creative drama sessions are beneficial for you?Can you compare the English lessons in the classroom and the creative drama lessons?Would you like this program continue?What would happen if this program continued?In order to decrease the level of researcher subjectivity, a colleague was invited to observe one of the creative drama sessions. She was kindly asked to take notes during the session and share those notes with the researcher.ProceduresNecessary permission was taken from the school management in order to conduct the study at school. It was announced to the intermediate level students that there would be a 4-week study about English teaching. Twelve students were chosen on a voluntary basis. Since the study was going to be carried out after the school, their parents were asked to sign a form which showed that they were willing to let their children participate in the study. The room for the sessions was determined and prepared for creative drama activities by placing comfortable seats, cushions and costumes. Before the first session the pre-test (the attitude questionnaire towards speaking English) was administered to the participants to identify their attitudes towards speaking English. They were also provided with guideline questions for their reflective journals. The participants were exposed to the creative drama program for 4 weeks. The program was planned as 3 hours each week. Therefore, it consisted of 12 hours in total. The participants were requested to write about their opinions and feelings in their reflective journals by following the guidelines after each session. A colleague was invited to observe the third weeks session. The post-test (attitude qu estionnaire towards speaking English) was administered to the participants reporting their attitude towards speaking English at the end of the creative drama program. Interviews were conducted with four randomly selected participants at the end of the treatment. The findings gathered from the instruments were analyzed and compared to see the impact of the treatment.III. DATA ANALYSIS3.1 ResultsIn this section, the analysis of the data obtained from the pre-test and post-test of attitude questionnaire of the participants will be presented.3.1.1 Results of attitude questionnairesThe attitude questionnaire was applied twice during the research study. It was firstly applied before the treatment as pre-test and then secondly at the end of the treatment as post-test. It was applied before and after the treatment in order to reveal whether there is any effect of creative drama on enhancing positive attitude or not. This questionnaire was formed by using Likert Scale (1=strongly disagree, 2 =disagree, 3=neutral, 4=agree, 5=strongly agree). The results of these tests were analyzed through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows 20.0, in this programme Paired Samples T-test was used in order to reveal whether drama activities affect the learners attitude towards learning English in a positive way or not.Pre-test Results of the ParticipantsPre-test ResultsTable 1ITEMStrongly agreeAgreeNeutral dissentStrongly disagree1.I have difficulty speaking English.005522.I am afraid of making mistakes.234213.I dont want to speak English.0100114.Lack of grammar knowledge inhibits my speaking.012455.Lack of vocabulary inhibits my speaking.132426.I can speak English fluently.046207.I feel nervous while speaking English.322238.I forget what to say when I am nervous.224139.Lack of correct pronunciation inhibits my speaking.1142410.Lack of knowledge inhibits my speaking.0119111.I cant express my ideas.1137012.I cant understand what others say.1103713.I dont know how to s tudy to speak English.0023714.Because of my teachers negative attitude.00101115.I think nobody will understand me while speaking.0113716.I think in Turkish.1124317.Because my friends are teasing me for my mistakes.00011118.Other students are better at speaking English.2110819.I am afraid of not being understood by others.1124420.I think I have no ability in learning a foreign language.00111021.I cant remember the English meaning of words while speaking.0263122.I think my teacher isnt interested in what I am saying.00001223.I dont have to speak English in class.1041524.My friends tell what I think before me.0324325.I cant realize the mistakes I have done while speaking English.1015526.I prefer learning grammar structures rather than speaking English.0016527.I cant use computer because I dont know English.00011128.I cant surf the Internet.01001129.I cant watch movies in English.1102830.I cant read newspapers or magazines in English.55200Table 1 summarizes the participants responses to the items in the questionnaire which demonstrate their attitude towards learning English before the treatment.Post-test Results of the participantsPost-test ResultsTable 2ITEMStrongly agreeAgreeNeutralDisagreeStrongly disagree1. I have difficulty speaking English.112532.I am afraid of making mistakes.130353.I dont want to speak English.11